What is the difference between supply chain visibility and end-to-end supply chain visibility?

Supply Chain visibility often focuses on internal stocks or Tier-1 suppliers, while end-to-end Supply Chain visibility extends to multi-tier suppliers and future demand. The distinction matters because most disruptions originate beyond the first tier, where the data is also harder to collect and consolidate. Internal visibility is necessary but not sufficient: it tells planners what has happened, while end-to-end visibility lets them anticipate what is about to happen and act before it becomes a shortage or an excess. The shift requires both data integration across partners and forecasting models capable of projecting demand and risk forward rather than only reporting on the past.